為(wei)了減(jian)少廚房油(you)(you)煙的污染(ran)，我(wo)們在裝修時(shi)都會安裝油(you)(you)煙機，把油(you)(you)煙通(tong)過風(feng)道排出(chu)去(qu)，但是有時(shi)反(fan)倒(dao)沒(mei)把油(you)(you)煙排出(chu)去(qu)反(fan)倒(dao)讓油(you)(you)煙倒(dao)灌進來，這是什么(me)原因呢？

In order to reduce the pollution of kitchen fumes, we often install range hoods during decoration to exhaust the fumes through air ducts. However, sometimes the fumes are not discharged but instead poured in. What is the reason for this?

消防排(pai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)管道(dao)廚房油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)的原因：吸(xi)(xi)油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機上(shang)的止逆閥(fa)(fa)和煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)加裝的下垂(chui)式油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)止逆閥(fa)(fa)大都采(cai)用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機風(feng)(feng)力(li)開(kai)啟、閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)(pian)重力(li)關閉的結(jie)構，小部(bu)分在閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)(pian)上(shang)加裝彈(dan)簧以(yi)助(zhu)閥(fa)(fa)門關閉。為了保證吸(xi)(xi)油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機風(feng)(feng)力(li)可以(yi)吹開(kai)止逆閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)(pian)，閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)(pian)重量或彈(dan)簧力(li)不(bu)能(neng)過(guo)大，所以(yi)閥(fa)(fa)門關閉力(li)較小。因為閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)(pian)易(yi)受油(you)垢粘連，粘連后(hou)止逆閥(fa)(fa)開(kai)、關均不(bu)到(dao)位，開(kai)不(bu)到(dao)位的后(hou)果(guo)是(shi)排(pai)風(feng)(feng)不(bu)暢(chang)，風(feng)(feng)量衰減;關不(bu)到(dao)位的后(hou)果(guo)是(shi)發生大量的油(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)。

The reason for the kitchen oil fume backflow in the fire exhaust duct: The check valve on the range hood and the hanging oil fume check valve installed in the flue mostly adopt a structure of wind opening and gravity closing of the range hood, and a small part adds springs on the valve to help the valve close. In order to ensure that the wind power of the range hood can blow open the check valve plate, the weight of the valve plate or the spring force cannot be too large, so the closing force of the valve is relatively small. Because the valve plate is prone to oil scale adhesion, the check valve cannot be opened or closed properly after adhesion, and the consequences of not opening properly are poor ventilation and reduced air volume; The consequence of not closing it properly is the occurrence of a large amount of oil fume backflow.

1、絕大部分吸(xi)油(you)煙(yan)機的(de)(de)止逆閥(fa)為減少閥(fa)片(pian)和閥(fa)體的(de)(de)接觸面(mian)積，在閥(fa)片(pian)和閥(fa)體之間開(kai)有一條環縫，目(mu)的(de)(de)是防止吸(xi)油(you)煙(yan)機停用數日(ri)后油(you)垢粘連閥(fa)片(pian)，以風力(li)無法吹(chui)開(kai)。如環縫過大，當鄰(lin)居開(kai)啟(qi)吸(xi)油(you)煙(yan)機(排(pai)污)時，共用煙(yan)道內局(ju)部壓(ya)力(li)增高，污氣就(jiu)近從(cong)這條環縫倒灌，老式煙(yan)道的(de)(de)油(you)煙(yan)倒灌往(wang)往(wang)由此(ci)引起。

1. The vast majority of range hood check valves have a ring gap between the valve plate and valve body to reduce the contact area between the valve plate and valve body. The purpose is to prevent oil stains from sticking to the valve plate after the range hood is out of service for several days, so that the wind cannot blow it open. If the annular gap is too large, when the neighbor opens the range hood (for sewage discharge), the local pressure in the shared flue increases, and the dirty gas flows back from this annular gap nearby. This often causes the backflow of oil smoke in the old-fashioned flue.

2、新建樓盤采用(yong)主、副式共用(yong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)，主煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)升(sheng)高到一定程度時(shi)(shi)和吸(xi)油煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)連接的(de)(de)(de)副煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)負(fu)(fu)壓防止油煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)。但是排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)過(guo)高會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)壓，過(guo)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)壓會(hui)吸(xi)開(kai)止逆閥(fa)(fa)閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)，吸(xi)開(kai)后的(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)片(pian)受油垢(gou)粘連不能有效關(guan)閉，當主煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)壓力(li)減(jian)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)副煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)負(fu)(fu)壓消失發生(sheng)油煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)。因(yin)為煙(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)中的(de)(de)(de)總排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)大(da)小(xiao)取決于同時(shi)(shi)開(kai)啟煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)數量(liang)(liang)及各煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)，這是單家獨戶(hu)無(wu)法控制的(de)(de)(de)，總排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)大(da)時(shi)(shi)止逆閥(fa)(fa)吸(xi)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)率(lv)就大(da)，這也是油煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)時(shi)(shi)有時(shi)(shi)無(wu)的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)。因(yin)住戶(hu)大(da)都(dou)喜歡使用(yong)大(da)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)，所以大(da)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)油煙(yan)(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)均由此引起。

2. The newly built building adopts a shared main and auxiliary flue. When the exhaust volume of the main flue increases to a certain extent, the auxiliary flue connected to the range hood will generate negative pressure to prevent oil fume from flowing back. However, excessive exhaust air volume will generate significant negative pressure, which will open the check valve plate. The opened valve plate cannot be effectively closed due to oil scale adhesion. When the pressure in the main flue decreases, the negative pressure in the auxiliary flue disappears, resulting in oil fume backflow. Because the total exhaust volume in the flue depends on the number of simultaneously opened range hoods and the exhaust volume of each range hood, which cannot be controlled by a single household. When the total exhaust volume is high, the probability of the check valve opening is higher, which is also the reason why there is sometimes no oil fume backflow. Due to the fact that most residents prefer to use high air volume range hoods, most of the oil fume backflow is caused by this.

3、當樓(lou)上油煙機排(pai)煙壓(ya)力(li)和(he)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)較大(da)(da)時(shi)會產(chan)生風(feng)(feng)幕作用，隔絕樓(lou)下(xia)油煙在煙道(dao)內順暢(chang)流通。使(shi)(shi)得樓(lou)下(xia)煙道(dao)內局部壓(ya)力(li)增(zeng)高，壓(ya)力(li)增(zeng)高后推(tui)動煙道(dao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)污氣從(cong)密封效(xiao)果(guo)不好(hao)的(de)(de)止逆閥(fa)處泄漏，這是樓(lou)上燒菜樓(lou)下(xia)倒灌的(de)(de)原因，隨著使(shi)(shi)用大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)煙機的(de)(de)住戶(hu)增(zeng)多，由(you)此引起(qi)的(de)(de)油煙倒灌正在增(zeng)加。

3. When the smoke exhaust pressure and air volume of the range hood upstairs are high, it will produce an air curtain effect to isolate the smooth flow of the range hood downstairs in the flue. This causes an increase in local pressure inside the downstairs flue, which in turn pushes the dirty gas in the flue to leak from the poorly sealed check valve. This is the reason for the backflow of cooking vegetables upstairs and downstairs. With the increasing number of residents using high air volume range hoods, the resulting backflow of oil fumes is increasing.

出(chu)現(xian)(xian)油煙(yan)(yan)倒(dao)灌(guan)(guan)的處理、油煙(yan)(yan)倒(dao)灌(guan)(guan)的情(qing)況主(zhu)要(yao)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)公共煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)的高層建筑(zhu)中(zhong)，開發商在(zai)(zai)這方面也采取了(le)很多(duo)措施，現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)內(nei)基本(ben)都分(fen)為(wei)主(zhu)煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)和副煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)，主(zhu)要(yao)功能(neng)就(jiu)是引導(dao)油煙(yan)(yan)向上排出(chu)，減(jian)少串(chuan)味的情(qing)況。家中(zhong)若出(chu)現(xian)(xian)油煙(yan)(yan)倒(dao)灌(guan)(guan)，應該檢查煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)是否通暢。裝修時的建筑(zhu)垃圾有可能(neng)堵塞煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)，可聯系(xi)物業(ye)清理。

The treatment of oil fume backflow and the situation of oil fume backflow mainly occur in high-rise buildings that use public flues. Developers have also taken many measures in this regard. Nowadays, the flues are basically divided into main and secondary flues, with the main function of guiding oil fume upward and reducing cross odors. If there is oil fume backflow at home, the first thing to check is whether the flue is unobstructed. The construction waste during decoration may block the flue, so please contact the property management for cleaning.

4、有些人在裝(zhuang)修房子時(shi)為(wei)了干凈(jing)好看，都會將油煙(yan)(yan)機的(de)排(pai)氣(qi)孔開(kai)在吊(diao)頂上(shang)(shang)(shang)面，而開(kai)發商預(yu)留的(de)煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)孔一般(ban)比較(jiao)靠(kao)下(xia)。為(wei)了能裝(zhuang)在吊(diao)頂上(shang)(shang)(shang)面，一般(ban)的(de)做法是封死原有的(de)煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)孔，在上(shang)(shang)(shang)方重新開(kai)一個。這種(zhong)情(qing)況下(xia)，開(kai)發商原本給煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)配(pei)備(bei)的(de)止回閥在施工中會被(bei)砸掉，施工人員將煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)口上(shang)(shang)(shang)移，使副煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)失去(qu)阻隔作用，并(bing)將油煙(yan)(yan)機的(de)排(pai)氣(qi)管放到公共煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)中，直(zhi)對(dui)主煙(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)，這種(zhong)情(qing)況必然(ran)會出現油煙(yan)(yan)倒灌(guan)、串(chuan)味。

4. Some people, in order to clean and look good when decorating their houses, will open the exhaust hole of the range hood on the ceiling, while the flue hole reserved by the developer is generally lower. In order to be installed on the ceiling, the general practice is to seal the original flue hole and open a new one above it. In this case, the check valve originally equipped by the developer for the flue will be smashed during construction. The construction personnel will move the flue mouth upwards, causing the secondary flue to lose its barrier function, and place the exhaust pipe of the range hood in the public flue, directly facing the main flue. This situation will inevitably result in the backflow and odor of the range hood.

5、城市化(hua)進程(cheng)造(zao)成(cheng)高層化(hua)住(zhu)房(fang)越來越多。每當烹飪高峰時段，樓上樓下各(ge)家各(ge)戶(hu)同(tong)時啟動煙(yan)機(ji)(ji)，集(ji)中排煙(yan)造(zao)成(cheng)公共煙(yan)道(dao)擁堵不(bu)(bu)堪。面對壓力(li)重重的惡劣煙(yan)道(dao)即使煙(yan)機(ji)(ji)開到大(da)風量，油煙(yan)依然難以(yi)沖破(po)煙(yan)道(dao)阻力(li)，排不(bu)(bu)凈、油煙(yan)倒灌等(deng)問(wen)題就無法避免。

5. The urbanization process has led to an increasing number of high-rise housing in China. During peak cooking hours, households upstairs and downstairs simultaneously start their smoke exhaust fans, causing congestion in the public flue. Faced with severe pressure in the flue, even when the range hood is turned on with high air volume, it is still difficult for the oil fume to break through the resistance of the flue, and problems such as incomplete discharge and backflow of oil fume cannot be avoided.

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